Advice - Cable between fibre and switch for SMB network

All,

Need some explaining of the best practice for cabling from the main fibre to the switch.

ISP Fibre --- CABLE --- Patch panel --- CABLE --- Router --- CABLE --- Switch

The cables in bold above are all CAT5.

Is the rating of the CAT5 cable enough to pass through the whole networks data efficiently, as I understand it is rated at 1Gb?

Should this be CAT6 (10Gb)

Also, am I right to call it a backbone cable because it is a single cable linking the entire network to the ISP?

What cable is sufficient, just after some general best practice advice.

Thanks.